egypt
flag of Egypt
Limiting global warming to 1.5°C avoids large increases in drought compared to 3°C, when severe drought becomes the new normal, causing declines in crop yields
Additional people exposed to climate change risks (millions)
Coastal flooding
5.5 million 1.5C 5.8 million 2C 6.4 million 3C 6.8 million 4C
Drought
47.2 million 1.5C 56.1 million 2C 60.9 million 3C 61.9 million 4C
Fluvial flooding
0.8 million 1.5C 1.6 million 2C 2.8 million 3C 3.0 million 4C
Economic impact of fluvial flooding (millions USD)
*Total of Direct and Indirect impacts
Economic impact
$705 M 1.5C $1,274 M 2C $2,349 M 3C $2,545 M 4C
Crop yield loss (percent)
Maize
-7.1 % 1.5C -10.1 % 2C -16.0 % 3C -21.4 % 4C
Wheat
-5.5 % 1.5C -8.0 % 2C -13.1 % 3C -18.1 % 4C
Soy Bean
-3.3 % 1.5C -5.0 % 2C -8.7 % 3C -12.7 % 4C
Rice
0.1 % 1.5C -0.2 % 2C -1.1 % 3C -2.8 % 4C
GDP Loss (percent)
0.00 % 1.5C 0.00 % 2C -0.01 % 3C -0.01 % 4C
Limiting global warming to 1.5°C allows half the country to act as a refuge for biodiversity, compared with zero refugia at 3°C. Pollination is reduced by 50% at 1.5°C warming.
Biodiversity loss (percent)
Climate refugia for plants remaining
(% country land area)
3.0 % 1.5C 1.0 % 2C 0.0 % 3C 0.0 % 4C
Climate refugia for vertebrates remaining
(% country land area)
14.0 % 1.5C 12.0 % 2C 5.0 % 3C 1.0 % 4C
Loss of pollination as ecosystem service
50.7 % 1.5C 56.6 % 2C 64.7 % 3C 70.1 % 4C
Population year 2000. Climate baseline period 1961-1990. Coastal flooding assumes existing sea-defences are maintained. Economic climate projections baseline 1985-2015. Economic & annual GDP baseline 2011.
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